PREVENT Downtime! Bešavni Site / Blog Move - VPS Biblija # 19

Seliti svoje web stranice ili blog to nov poslužitelj s minimalnim problemima ili nepristupačnosti. Ovaj vodič korake iz provenijencija preseljenje postupak.

Kad sam preselio moje stranice iz moje zajednička računala na moje potpuno nova VPS na Linode, to je briga za mene, posebno kao što sam imao stalno mijenja baze podataka. Bičevanje web, našao sam neke upute oskudan, ali ništa temeljito, a ne tutoriali koji mi je dao povjerenje. Tako sam pitao na forumu Linode, a proces je zacrtao u nastavku je dana rekapitulacija savjet dao vrste ljudi tamo, zajedno sa svojim vlastitim iskustvom.

.. Dakle, za ovaj proces, možete zahvaliti Linode forum korisnici btmorex, Lykaon, kirbysdl i hybinet.

Ovaj vodič se odnosi na zajedničko-to-VPS potez, ali se može primijeniti na bilo koji server-to-server potez.

Prvo se, Self-Service

DON'T TELL YOUR OLD HOST koje namjeravate odmaknuti.

Prijavite se u New Web Host

Ako niste sigurni koju vrstu domaćin trebate, VPS Biblija Part 1: VPS (Virtual Private Server) vs Zajednička vs Namjenski će Vam pomoći odabrati.

Ako idete neupravljana VPS put, pročitajte ovaj Biblija od vrha do pete. Ako ste neupravljana, za ostatak ovog vodiča, ja ću pretpostaviti da ste izgradili svoj box. Za udio, uspio VPS ili namjenski, vaš je okvir izgrađen zapravo, na taj način dozvoljava 'preskočite na.

Napravite DNS dokumentacija

Uglavnom, ti reci poslužitelj to tražiti domenu.

Ako vaš novi domaćin ne dozvoljava DNS Configuration, koji je prilično siromašan. Drukčije ste sa zajednički poslužitelj, u kojem slučaju da dobijete ono što plaćate. Za sve one koji mogu obavljati DNS uprave ..

Dodaj DNS zapisa u upravljačkoj ploči tako, na primjer, s Linode ili Slicehost koje je učinjeno u DNS Manager. Možete uputiti to VPS Bible Part 9: Dodavanje domena zona na Vaše VPS za detalje i eksplanatorni video. Dajte sve što je stvarno nisko TTL (time to live) vrijednosti. Ako imate bilo kakvih MX ili drugih DNS zapise s vašim trenutnim domaćinom, te ponoviti.

Ne brinite, to ne bi riješili svoje domene na novi host prerano, ali se ona priprema za migracije.

Dvojna Stari site ili blog

Duplicate Vašu web stranicu ili blog ustroj datoteke na novi server, stvoriti baze podataka i povezati sve te uvoz podataka u roku.

Izmijeniti i dopuniti Domaćin Varalica na poligonu ili blog

Cool trik, ovo. Možete promijeniti datoteku na vašem računalu kako bi preusmjeriti svoju URI novi server, samo za vas. To ne efekt izvornu web lokaciju, niti njegove opće prometa (osim ako oni 'promijenjen njihov domaćin kartoteka previše!)

Windows

Goto moj C:> Windows> system32> vozači> itd i otvoriti domaćini uz tekst editor.

Linux

Goto itd.> otvoren i domaćini uz tekst editor.

Mac

Ne znam. Molimo lemme know!

Vi ćete znati da je datoteka ispravna, jer ćete imati ulaz ili dva kao što su: --

127.0.0.1	localhost

... and that is the format you want for the new lines you have to add to the file. So add something like:-

12.34.56.78  domain.com
12.34.56.78  www.domain.com

... swapping the IP for your new IP, and the domain for yours.

Upon saving the file, when you surf to domain.com, instead of taking you to your old server, it will take you to the new one, and you can fully test your site's functionality.

(I told you that was top )

NOW TEST YOUR NEW SITE'S FUNCTIONALITY.

But don't administer the wrong site: after testing, don't forget to delete the new hosts entry, else comment it out with a # at the beginning of the line. And restart your web browser.

Resolve Email

Move your email accounts from your current host.

If you want a simple, spam-free solution with no web server resource cost (ie no personal mail server), check out the VPS Bible Part 18: Google Apps for Domain-Specific Email .

Test your email.

Create A or AAAA Records

This is the key to a seamless move, which is particularly important if, for example, you host a forum or receive a lot of blog comments.

What we're going to do is to set up your new host to resolve the domain call to your old host. Basically, this eliminates the possibility of writing to more than one database while, for example, the nameservers propagate or Google's global servers refresh your new domain details.

In the new server's DNS settings, add two A/AAAA records using these guidelines:-

When you save your options, you may find one of the hostname fields is blank. That's normal.

Point Domain to Nameservers

Goto your domain registrar account and look for the Nameserver option. Renew the data.

For example, with Linode, bless, change to ns1.linode.com, ns2.linode.com, ns3.linode.com and ns4.linode.com. You'll find your new web host's nameserver details easily enough.

Now we are awaiting full propagation, at all server points around the world. I have no idea how long that takes, but about 72 hours is generally reckoned, so allow for 4-5 days to be safe.

MOVING DAY!

Go back to those A Records we created, replacing the old host IP to your new host IP. Set the TTL to the shortest possible 'time to live'. But before you click OK ..

Take a final backup of your old database and import the data into your new one.

.. And now you can click OK on those new A records.

While your A record changes will update the new host nameservers within minutes, it takes up to 72 hours for full web-wide propagation. You may find new data records in the old database, so you'll have to export and import those strays.

Note: At Linode, updated DNS records take effect every 15 minutes. So if you edit an A record at 2:32, it'll take until 2:45, plus the time period specified in the TTL, for the update to be visible to the world. Careful timing will give you the least downtime.

Final Checks

If you completed the previous testing properly, there should be no surprises. Then again ..

After the time period specified in the TTL, check your site to ensure everything works. Because your local nameservers may not yet have resolved with the new A record data, and so that you can be sure you're looking at the new, not the old, web application, use the host file trick.

Shed Shared, Viva Virtual!

Whatever kind of web host you've moved to, you can cancel the old host 4-5 days after moving day. Your breathing will gradually shallow out. Take tea!

Virtually Done

This series is pretty much complete, and I'm definitely gonna be spending more time down the pub.

However, as a round-up, VPS Bible Part 20: Blogroll, Links, Credits, Resources will list some of the best resources on the web for anything Linux or VPS. Plus it's a bit of a thank you to all those whose advice has helped me to go from VPS newbie, a few months ago to, well, senior newbie. Hey, you be the judge, but I sure ain't a sysmin.

By way of a follow up, and as promised in VPS Bible Part 17: Nginx Control Panel Workarounds , I'll be publishing some appendix guides too, showing you how to administer your VPS without relying on bloatware like cPanel.

Here's the you-know-what ...