התקנה / שדרוג WORDPRESS עם חתרנות - VPS התנ"ך # 15

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• mysql -u root -p

  Add your password, or the password we created when we installed MySQL in Part 8: FASTER VPS! Set Up PHP, MySQL & Xcache .

  Now paste this lot, replacing your_wordpress_username , your_wordpress_password and wp_database_name with yours, and leaving the quote marks I've included for the password:-

  grant all privileges on *.* to your_wordpress_username@localhost identified by "your_wordpress_password";
  create database wp_database_name;
  quit
  

  Install WordPress on your Linux VPS Using Subversion

  Let's go to the directory in which to install WordPress. I'm installing to my root directory, /home/public_html/waywiderweb.com/public , which I created in Part 13: Configure NGINX Multi-Site Virtual Hosts (the directory structure is explained most comprehensively in the video in Part 13.) If you want your blog to appear in a sub-directory, such as waywiderweb.com/blog, then use /home/public_html/waywiderweb.com/public/blog . Of course, change waywiderweb.com for your domain:-

  cd /home/public_html/waywiderweb.com/public

  If you created a test index.html file in Part 13: Configure NGINX Multi-Site Virtual Hosts , let's bin it:-

  sudo rm index.html

  Now we'll use the subversion command to install the latest version of WordPress. Ammend this version with any newer one. Leave the dot at the end, it's not a typo:-

  sudo svn co http://svn.automattic.com/wordpress/tags/2.8.4 .

  And create the WordPress config file:-

  sudo mv wp-config-sample.php wp-config.php

  Now let's connect the database. Open the WP config file:-

  sudo nano wp-config.php

  ...and add the details you entered above into your new MySQL database. So, in the wp_config file, swap putyourdbnamehere , usernamehere and yourpasswordhere . Here's the original wp-config, before you change it:-

  /** The name of the database for WordPress */
  define('DB_NAME', 'putyourdbnamehere');
  
  /** MySQL database username */
  define('DB_USER', 'usernamehere');
  
  /** MySQL database password */
  define('DB_PASSWORD', 'yourpasswordhere');
  

  While you're in there, for added security, find:-

  $table_prefix  = 'wp_';

  ...and swap wp_ to something unique.

  Save and quit (CTRL-X, 'y' to confirm and hit Return.)

  Run WordPress Install & Connect the MySQL Database

  Open your blog in a browser, so for me, for instance, that's www.waywiderweb.com. Enter a few details, log in and change the password the WP installer gave the newly created Admin user. You should really delete Admin entirely and replace with another user, but that's another story.

  Hack-Proof Your Blog

  For complete WP security tips, read Video How-to: 10 Tips To Make WordPress Hack-Proof but ignore the bit about htaccess as that's an Apache thing, not Nginx.

  Hmmn, if anyone's got any specific Nginx blog security tips, lemme know please. I'll write it up.

  Batch-install WordPress Plugins using Subversion

  This bit really rocks my roger. If you've got a bunch of blogs with pretty much the same plugins, you may just save a month of Sundays here.

  Back at the CLI, goto the plugin directory:-

  cd /home/public_html/waywiderweb.com/public/wp-content/plugins

  Let's edit our plugin list. Keep that dot:-

  sudo svn propedit svn:externals .

  OK, so there's only Akismet in there. Let's add some more. Go to the WordPress Subversion plugin repository and take your pick. For each plugin you have 2 download choices:-

  • tags - stable releases by version, so choose generally the latest
  • trunk - latest version, bleeding edge, occasionally buggy

  Personally, I run the trunk versions, for the simple reason that I can install or upgrade all plugins by issuing a simple command, thereafter. If a plugin gives me any gip, I simply delete it and its reference in my svn WP plugins list, else I replace its trunk with a tag. Of course, if you use the tags option, you have to keep editing your plugins file, which largely negates having it in the first place.

  So, here's an example externals file that I've thrown together. Note the name of each plugin before the link, 'cos you must have that identifier. If you followed Part 14: Setup WordPress on NGINX (FURLs & Cache), you'll notice I've included the WP Super Cache plugin:-

  akismet http://plugins.svn.wordpress.org/akismet/trunk/
  wp-phpmyadmin http://svn.wp-plugins.org/wp-phpmyadmin/
  wp-super-cache http://svn.wp-plugins.org/wp-super-cache/trunk/
  

  TIDY TIP: If you're happy with trunks, in the WP Sub Vers Repos, look down the list and right mouse click > Copy Link Location , then paste it to a text file, adding the name of the plugin before the link. Do that to as many plugins as you want, then simply paste /trunk at the end of each link. Then paste the lot to your svn plugins file. Much quicker. If you want tagged versions, it's the long way round, 'cos the tags differ. Then again, for some plugins, there is no svn listing at all, so those have to be included the old-fashioned way.

  Right, with your plugins file edited, saved and closed, now type:-

  sudo svn update

  Take tea.

  Import Your WordPress Theme

  Set Linux Folder Permissions

  If you didn't in Part 13: Configure NGINX Multi-Site Virtual Hosts , set your folder permissions, allowing SFTP access, substituting guvnr with your user name:-

  sudo chown -R guvnr:webmasters /home/public_html

  Add the theme

  If you are using a regular theme, add it in the usual WordPress way.

  Alternatively, if you want to use a previous, adapted theme:-

  Open an SFTP client like FileZilla or WinSCP, browse to your remote themes directory - something like /home/public_html/waywiderweb.com/public/wp-content/themes/ - and upload your bespoke theme.

  Either way, you can now enable the theme in the regular way, at http://your_blog.com/wp-admin/themes.php .

  Relocate Your Existing WP Blog Data

  ...If you've got any to relocate! For new blogs, skip this bit.

  You can do this by exporting from the old and importing into the new database. In my experience it's far easier to use WP's export/import tools, which also optimises the data.

  Surf to your original blog:-

  http://www.your_ORIGINAL_blog.com/wp-admin/export.php

  ...or Dashboard > Tools > Export .

  And Download export file .

  Now goto your new blog:-

  http://www.your_ORIGINAL_blog.com/wp-admin/import.php

  ...or Dashboard > Tools > Import .

  Click the WordPress option, choose the exported file and Upload file and import . Prompted, check the box Download and import file attachments .

  If you receive any errors, that's probably a permissions problem. For example, I got this:-

  Unable to create directory /home/public_html/waywiderweb.com/public/wp-content/uploads/2009/04. Is its parent directory writable by the server?

  ...So we'll take ownership of the directory:-

  sudo chown -R guvnr:webmasters /home/public_html/waywiderweb.com
  sudo chmod -R g+w /home/public_html/waywiderweb.com
  

  And now have another go with Upload file and import , opting for our user imports and checking the box Download and import file attachments .

  If you'd prefer to relocate select data, there's always wp-phpmyadmin .

  Activating WP Super Cache

  Activate in the usual WordPress way, and cash in on the groundwork of Part 13: Configure NGINX Multi-Site Virtual Hosts . Cash in, geddit! Sorry.

  Updating WordPress Plugins

  While 2.7 brought in some top functionality with the WordPress auto-updating, pretty much negating using Subversion to update the platform or plugins, there will be occasions when it's still faster to upgrade plugins this way.

  Particularly this will be the case after a platform upgrade, when plugins race to bring out updates, they can be upgraded together using Subversion:-

  sudo svn update

  Sending Live a Relocated WordPress Blog

  Refer to Part 19: Moving Day! How to Move Your Blog or Site for the best way to do this, with the least downtime or other sticky problems.

  Rinse & Repeat

  Follow this process for your entire blog farm.

  Just Round the Corner

  For WordPress, that's all the specifics taken care of, I think. You tell me, what have I forgotten? Lemme know and I'll write it up.

  More generally, I'll wrap up the series - Set Up Unmanaged VPS (4 Newbies) .. The VPS Bible - by showing how and why to setup Google Apps in Part 17: Google Apps for Domain-Specific Email , which keeps our VPS server resources jealously focussed on our sites and blogs, before running down the all-important moving day checklist mentioned above. Then there'll be a handy backup guide before linking a heap of top resources for Linux newbies in Part 20: Blogroll, Links, Credits, Resources .

  Guess what...

  
  

  SETUP an Unmanaged VPS (4 Newbies) .. The V-P-S Bible

  Serve multi sites & blogs on a budget .. at the fastest possible speed .. with the least downtime .. in the most secure environment .. and future-proofed for easy admin.

  That's what the VPS Bible is about, stepped out in simple copy & paste guides.

  From high traffic WordPress blogs to startup web hosts, here's what you need.

  MAINTAIN an Unmanaged VPS (4 Newbies) .. V-P-S ADMIN

  Congratulations! You have one humdinger of a web server! If you followed the Bible to a T, it's speedy, solid & secure.

  But. As explained in Part 16 , the Nginx web server has no compatible control panel .. yet. Then again, even if it did, do you really want the resource drain?

  In the VPS Admin series is every maintenance procedure you'll need to know. And, hey, using these is a darn sight faster than using a control panel anyhow.

  Set it up?   Click here for the 21 part follow-up .. V-P-S Admin

  Go back?   Click here for the original series .. The V-P-S Bible

  1. Intro: Set Up an Unmanaged VPS (4 Newbies) .. The V-P-S Bible

  1. VPS (Virtual Private Server) vs Shared vs Dedicated
  2. Set Up a VPS Linux Distribution   *
  3. Set Up the Command Line Interface (CLI) using PuTTY   *
  4. Create a Linux User & Set Permissions   *
  5. Encrypt Data with OpenSSH & Auto-Login with PuTTY   *
  6. Harden the Secure Shell (SSH) & Create a Firewall   *
  7. Edit bashrc for User-Friendly Linux, plus System Updates   *
  8. PHP5, MySQL, Xcache, Subversion (for Platforms like WordPress)   *
  9. Add a Domain Zone to Your VPS   *
  10. Prepare Linux Server for Email with Postfix   *
  11. Nginx (better than Apache) Web Server   *
  12. Setup FileZilla for Secure FTP (SFTP)   *
  13. Serve Multiple Sites & Blogs with Virtual Hosts   *
  14. Set up WordPress on Nginx with Pretty URLs & WP Super Cache   *
  15. WordPress Setup & Updates from the Command Line   *
  16. Nginx Control Panel
  17. Nginx Control Panel Workarounds
  18. Google Apps for Domain-Specific Email   *
  19. Moving Day! How to Move Your Blog or Site
  20. Blogroll, Links, Credits, Resources

  1. Intro: Maintain Unmanaged VPS (4 Newbies) .. V-P-S Admin

  1. Add Web Sites Nginx Cheatsheet
  2. Adding Sub-Domains with Nginx
  3. MySQL Database Maintenance - Terminal Tips
  4. Add/Delete MySQL Database from Command Line
  5. phpMyAdmin & Nginx to Maintain Databases
  6. Backup/Export MySQL DB with CLI & mysqldump
  7. Import Data to MySQL Database from Terminal
  8. Batch Replace/Delete Data in MySQL Database
  9. Reset a Lost MySQL Password
  10. Backup or Upload with Secure Copy SCP (Linux/Linux)
  11. Backup or Upload with PuTTY PSFTP (Windows/Linux)
  12. Gain Benefit From Parked Domains
  13. Password Protect Nginx Web Files/Directories
  14. Redirect Web Pages with Nginx Rewrite Rule
  15. Create Custom Website Error Page
  16. Access Web Site Error Logs
  17. Set up Cron Jobs
  18. Using Network Tools
  19. Hotlink Protect (Bandwidth)
  20. IP Deny to Block Access with Nginx
  21. Subversion vs Fantastico - Platform Update

  
  

  1. Something missing? Crack out a comment and let me know.

  1. * Includes video tutorial.
  
  
  2. Not linked = not published. Won't be long. Fix a feed for updates.

  
  
  
  

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